speed efficiency

The tip-speed ratio, λ, or TSR for wind turbines is the ratio between the tangential speed of the tip of a blade and the actual speed of the wind, v. The tip-speed ratio is related to efficiency, with the optimum varying with blade design.
Higher tip speeds result in higher noise levels and require stronger blades due to larger centrifugal forces.




λ
=



tip speed of the blade


wind speed





{\displaystyle \lambda ={\frac {\mbox{tip speed of the blade}}{\mbox{wind speed}}}}


The tip speed of the blade can be calculated as



ω
⋅
R


{\displaystyle \omega \cdot R}

, where



ω


{\displaystyle \omega }

is the rotational speed of the rotor and R is the rotor radius. Therefore, we can also write:




λ
=



ω
R

v


,


{\displaystyle \lambda ={\frac {\omega R}{v}},}


where



v


{\displaystyle v}

is the wind speed at the height of the blade hub.

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