Lowest Declared Voltage Tolerance and Charging

Montego

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I recently learned that electricity network operators are legally required to maintain the voltage within a specific range. This range is defined as +10% and -6% of the 230V nominal voltage which results in an allowed voltage range of 216.2V to 253.0V.

To take advantage of the E.ON Next Drive tariff I charge my MG4 between the hours of midnight and 07:00 hours. I usually charge the car battery to 80% to maintain battery health. I program the session using the Pod-Point app, not the car. On three occasions my Pod-Point failed to achieve the programmed charge level during the charging period. Two of these events were within a 2 week period when both terminated at a car battery charge level of 40%.

I reported this problem to Pod-Point, and they have provided me a graph that showed that the supply voltage fell significantly below the lowest declared tolerance and the charger cut out for safety reasons. They recommended contacting my Distribution Network Operator (DNO) for further review of the supply. [You can find your DNO on the following website: www.energynetworks.org/operating-the-networks/whos-my-network-operator ] (in my case this is SSEN not E.ON).

Checking the usage statistics on the E.ON app showed that on each occasion that the car failed to achieve the required level of charge the power consumption fell dramatically and prematurely.

SSEN responded very quickly. They sent an Engineer who tested my home installation and gave it a clean bill of health and then sent a second engineer to fit a monitor to constantly measure voltage levels. This showed that there is a problem which will have to be monitored at a transformer level. I am still awaiting the outcome of this.

I found it interesting that SSEN find it necessary to employ an engineer to monitor issues at homes with EV chargers. It has been suggested that part of the problem might be due to the number of EV chargers on the street and that we are near the end of the cable run from the transformer.

But, my expectation is that if the Pod-Point stops charging because of a supply issue, when the voltage returns above the lowest declared tolerance, during the programmed charging period, charging should recommence. Pod-Point have agreed that this should happen, but it does not.

Does anybody else have a similar experience? We are hoping to move soon and so I am happy to consider a different manufacturers charger for our new home.
 
I've not experience this issue, but from what I have read (on this forum and others) you are not alone in experiencing voltage drops at night below the regulated tolerance. Seems like a transformer tap change is required.
 
In my early days of having a Rolec charger installed (actually before I got my first EV) several times the charger cut out, not because of an under-voltage but rather the reverse, an over-voltage (as high as 258 if I remember correctly). That level caused the PEN Protection to operate (presumably the same happens for you, albeit at a voltage at the opposite end of the allowed range). Only by rebooting my charger could I regain use of it. It would seem your Pod-Point works in the same way?

The solution was, indeed, to contact my DNO, have them monitor the supply for seven days (at which point they admitted there was a problem) and then they made an adjustment at the local substation and the problem has not occurred since then.

Clearly, a reduction in the supplied voltage is possible; can an increase also be achieved?
 
This range is defined as +10% and -6% of the 230V nominal voltage which results in an allowed voltage range of 216.2V to 253.0V
(y) that is correct... Your DNO is regulated under ESQCR 2002 to maintain that voltage at the point of your supply (i.e. at the DNO cut-out). This will not necessarily be the voltage measured at your pod-point depending on the impedance of the wire from your cut-out to the pod-point.

But, my expectation is that if the Pod-Point stops charging because of a supply issue, when the voltage returns above the lowest declared tolerance, during the programmed charging period, charging should recommence. Pod-Point have agreed that this should happen, but it does not
From my engineering background, I'd say that the charger should have a degree of hysteresis built into the cut-out algorithm. i.e. I would expect it to cut out at some voltage lower than 216V, but then not reset until a higher voltage is reached, maybe say 220V. Just like a house temperature thermostat would do turning a boiler on or off at a given temperature.

If that was not built into the system, the following would likely happen...

Your grid voltage is say 217V. Charger turns on at 32A and your grid voltage drops (due to L-N line impedance) to say 212V. Your pod-point detects this low voltage and cuts out. Instantly, your grid voltage will rise to 217V. Then the pod-point says "that's enough" and turns on again, dropping the grid voltage to 212V, at which point the pod-point will turn off. You will end up with an oscillation of turning on and off, with a frequency approx. related to the pod-point's sampling period of line conditions, which could be once-a-second.

The solution is either (or both) to a) not resume charging until the pod-point thinks it's high enough so that when it turns back on, the voltage will remain above 216V. Or b) cut out for (say) 30 minutes and then try again.

It has been suggested that part of the problem might be due to the number of EV chargers on the street and that we are near the end of the cable run from the transformer.
That is correct. Traditionally DNO's will run the voltage at their LV transformer as high as possible and use the thinnest wires possible so that the house at the end of the line still gets 216V. However, now due to micro-generation and resulting back-feeding into the grid, voltage-rise is a significant problem, so they can't run their low-voltage lines as high as they would like, or they will exceed 253V when it's a sunny Sunday afternoon in summer.

Clearly, a reduction in the supplied voltage is possible; can an increase also be achieved?
Yes, LV transformers are designed to have their voltage changed by using a different 'tap' on the transformer - this will typically change the voltage in 2.5% steps, either up or down to balance the voltage in the middle. If the transformer is very old, it may need to be replaced as old oil-cooled transformers are no longer serviceable due to carcinogenic risk with the oil.

So, in summary, your DNO should rectify this fault under ESQCR 2002. Hopefully a transformer tap change is all that is needed. If they can't balance the voltage drop from EV charging vs. the voltage rise from solar feed-in via a tap change, then they would be obliged to upgrade the LV lines to ones with a lower impedance, IMHO.
 
Further thought... do you know what value your voltage dropped to when the Pod-point cut out?

If not too low then, in the meantime before either you move house or the DNO resolves the issue, you could try charging at say 24A (approx 5.2kW) , rather than 32A (7kW) - assuming that the Pod-Point gives you the option of different charge rates.

That would reduce the voltage drop at your charger and hopefully allow a full 7 hours, albeit at a slower rate.
 
Centuries ago when I worked in a small TV shop we had lots of issues with TVs not switching on at certain times of day. The mains voltage around here is/was ~250 volts and as TV power supplies got older they would no longer have the oomph to fire up the TV set when the voltage dropped. As it did every day around 5-6pm when everybody got home and started the dinner.
Strange to think that the problem has moved to the early hours of the morning when everyone's EV charger comes on..
 
As it did every day around 5-6pm when everybody got home and started the dinner.
Strange to think that the problem has moved to the early hours of the morning when everyone's EV charger comes on..
Dips at night will be localised effects on the LV cabling. In general, with little PV export and no local EV charging I'm still seeing general grid voltage levels dip early am and 5-7pm; like this... (x-axis time of day, y-axis voltage)


1765572212069.webp
 
Dips at night will be localised effects on the LV cabling. In general, with little PV export and no local EV charging I'm still seeing general grid voltage levels dip early am and 5-7pm; like this... (x-axis voltage, y-axis time of day)


View attachment 41852

The traditional two big electricity usage times and the new third.
 
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